Umehluko phakathi kwethusi nethusi

Ithusi liqanjwe ngombala walo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti ithusi liqanjwe ngombala walo ophuzi.Ngakho ngokuyisisekelo umbala ungahlukaniswa cishe.Ukuze kuhlukaniswe ngokuqinile, ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic kuyadingeka.

Okuluhlaza okumnyama okukhulunywe ngakho kusewumbala wokugqwala, akuwona umbala wangempela wethusi.

Okulandelayo kwethula ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwama-alloys ethusi:

ingxubevange yethusi

Ama-alloys ethusi akhiwa ngokungeza izakhi ezithile ze-alloying (njenge-zinc, ithini, i-aluminium, i-beryllium, i-manganese, i-silicon, i-nickel, i-phosphorus, njll.) ethusi elihlanzekile.Ama-alloys e-Copper ane-conductivity enhle kagesi, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, kanye namandla aphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka.

Ngokuya ngokubunjwa, ama-alloys ethusi ahlukaniswa ngethusi nethusi.

1. I-Brass iyingxube yethusi ene-zinc njengento eyinhloko yokuhlanganisa.Ngokusho kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ithusi lihlukaniswe ngethusi elijwayelekile kanye nethusi elikhethekile.

(1) Ithusi elivamile Ithusi elivamile liyingxube kanambambili yethusi-zinc.Ngenxa yepulasitiki yayo enhle, ilungele ukwenziwa kwamapuleti, imigoqo, izintambo, amapayipi kanye nezingxenye ezijulile, njengamapayipi e-condenser, amapayipi okupholisa kanye nezingxenye zemishini nezikagesi.I-Brass ene-avareji ye-copper content engu-62% kanye no-59% nayo ingaphonswa futhi ibizwa nge-cast cast.

(2) Ithusi elikhethekile Ukuze uthole amandla aphakeme, ukumelana nokugqwala nokusebenza okuhle kokuphonsa, i-aluminium, i-silicon, i-manganese, i-lead, ithini nezinye izakhi zengezwa ku-alloy yethusi-zinc ukwenza ithusi elikhethekile.Njengethusi eliholayo, ithusi lethini, ithusi le-aluminium, ithusi le-silicon, ithusi le-manganese, njll.

Ithusi lomthofu linokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusika kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa okuhle, futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye zewashi, futhi liphonswa ukwenza izihlahla ezithwalayo nezihlahla.

Ithusi lethayela linokumelana nokugqwala okuhle futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye zemikhumbi yasolwandle.

I-Aluminum yethusi ye-aluminium ingathuthukisa amandla nobulukhuni bethusi futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo emkhathini.I-aluminium yethusi isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezimelana nokugqwala.

I-silicon ku-silicon yethusi ingathuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwethusi.I-silicon yethusi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza izingxenye zasolwandle nezingxenye zemishini yamakhemikhali.

ithusi

I-bronze ekuqaleni ibhekisela ku-alloy ye-copper-tin, kodwa imboni isetshenziselwa ukubiza ama-alloys ethusi aqukethe i-aluminium, i-silicon, i-lead, i-beryllium, i-manganese, njll. futhi ithusi, ngakho-ke ithusi empeleni lihlanganisa ithusi le-tin, ithusi le-aluminium, ithusi le-aluminium, ithusi le-beryllium, ithusi le-silicon , ithusi eliholayo, njll. Ithusi liphinde lihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ithusi elisebenza ngokucindezela kanye nethusi elicijile.

(1) Ingxube yethusi ewuthayela enethusi njengengxenye eyinhloko ebizwa ngethusi eliwuthayela.Iningi lethusi elisetshenziswa embonini linothayela phakathi kuka-3% no-14%.Ithusi likathayela elinethayela elingaphansi kuka-5% lilungele ukusebenza okubandayo;i-tin bronze ene-tin content 5% kuya ku-7% ilungele ukusebenza okushisayo;ithusi lethini elinethayela elingaphezu kuka-10% lifanele ukuphonswa.Ithusi lethayela lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi, embonini yamakhemikhali, emishinini, kwezinsimbi nakwezinye izimboni.Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza izingxenye ezingagugi njengama-bearings nama-bushings, izakhi zokunwebeka njengeziphethu, kanye nezingxenye ezilwa nokugqwala kanye nezingxenye ezilwa nozibuthe.

(2) Ingxubevange ye-Aluminiyamu yethusi ene-aluminiyamu njengengxenye eyinhloko ebizwa nge-aluminium bronze.Izakhiwo zemishini ye-aluminium yethusi ziphakeme kunezethusi nethusi lethini.Okuqukethwe kwe-aluminiyamu yethusi elisebenzayo le-aluminium kuphakathi kuka-5% no-12%, kanti ithusi le-aluminium elinokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium elingu-5% kuya ku-7% linepulasitiki engcono kakhulu futhi ifanele ukusebenza okubandayo.Uma okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kukhulu kune-7% kuya ku-8%, amandla ayanda, kodwa ipulasitiki iyancipha kakhulu, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kakhulu esimweni sokusakazwa noma ngemva kokusebenza okushisayo.I-abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of aluminium bronze emkhathini, emanzini olwandle, emanzini olwandle, e-carbonic acid kanye nama-asidi amaningi aphilayo aphakeme kunalawo ethusi nethusi lethini.Ithusi le-aluminium lingakha amagiya, amabhushi, amagiya wezikelemu nezinye izingxenye eziqinile ezimelana nokuguga kanye nezingxenye ezinwebekayo ezinokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.

(3) I-beryllium bronze Ingxube yethusi ene-beryllium njengengxenye eyisisekelo ibizwa nge-beryllium bronze.Okuqukethwe kwe-beryllium ye-beryllium bronze yi-1.7% kuya ku-2.5%.I-beryllium bronze inomkhawulo ophezulu wokunwebeka kanye nomkhawulo wokukhathala, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqokwa nokumelana nokugqwala, ukuhamba kahle kukagesi kanye ne-thermal conductivity, futhi inezinzuzo zokungewona uzibuthe, ayikho inhlansi uma ithintekile.Ithusi le-beryllium lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza iziphethu ezibalulekile zezinsimbi ezinembile, amagiya wewashi, ama-bearings kanye nezihlahla ezisebenza ngaphansi kwejubane eliphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu, kanye nama-electrode omshini wokushisela, amathuluzi angaqhumi, amakhampasi e-nautical nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile.