Imboni yokucubungula ithusi ibhekene nezinkinga ezinkulu ezine

(1) Isakhiwo semboni sidinga ukuthuthukiswa, futhi imikhiqizo yehluleka ukuhlangabezana nesidingo semakethe emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe obuphezulu

Inani elikhulu kanye nezinga elincane lamabhizinisi aseShayina akhiqiza ithusi kubangela ukuntuleka kokulawula okusebenzayo nokuzithiba ngaphakathi embonini, okuholela esikhungweni esinamandla nokuncintisana okuqinile kwemikhiqizo evamile embonini yezwe lami, kodwa imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu isathembele ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe.

Izimfanelo eziphezulu zemikhiqizo engenisiwe zibonakaliswa ngokuyinhloko ezicini ezimbili: enye iwukunemba okuphezulu kokucubungula, kanti enye iwukuthi impahla ayikwazi ukukhiqizwa e-China ngenxa yomkhawulo wobuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi.Ngakho-ke, inqubomgomo yezimboni yemboni yokucubungula ithusi yaseChina ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo emisha nezinto ezintsha, ngokuyisisekelo ixazulula izinkinga zezinto zokwakha nezinqubo, ithuthukisa ukwakheka komkhiqizo wemboni, futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zemikhakha yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njenge-aerospace, imboni yezokuvikela kazwelonke nezempi, kanye nemboni yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi.Isidingo sokucubungula imikhiqizo ejulile.

(2) Amandla e-R&D ewonke embonini adinga ukuqiniswa

Imboni yasekhaya yokucubungula ithusi iye yazuza imiphumela ethile emikhakheni yamandla amakhulu kanye ne-high-conductivity alloys yethusi, ama-alloys ethusi ahambisana nemvelo, namapayipi okushisa asebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi isibe yinhlobonhlobo eyinhloko enenzuzo yokuthunyelwa kwenduku ye-copper alloy.Kodwa-ke, kuma-alloys ethusi asebenzayo, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ethusi nezinye izinto ezintsha Igebe phakathi kwezinkambu zokucwaninga ezisezingeni eliphezulu zaseShayina kanye nabakhiqizi abakhulu bamazwe ngamazwe lisasobala.

(3) Ukugxilwa kwemboni kudinga ukuthuthukiswa, futhi ibhizinisi elihamba phambili lokucubungula ithusi alikakasungulwa.

Ngokwezibalo, kunamashumi ezinkulungwane zamabhizinisi akhiqiza ithusi eChina, kodwa kuze kube manje akekho kuwo ongaqhudelana namabhizinisi athuthukile emhlabeni wonke embonini efanayo ngokwamandla aphelele, futhi kunegebe elikhulu ngokwesilinganiso sokukhiqiza. , izinga lokuphatha namandla ezezimali.Eminyakeni yamuva, intengo ephezulu yethusi inyuse ingcindezi ye-liquidity kanye nezindleko zokusebenza zamabhizinisi embonini.

(4) Inzuzo engabizi kakhulu iyalahleka kancane kancane futhi ibhekene nokuncintisana okunamandla

Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo efanayo kwamanye amazwe, ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi, izindleko zamandla nezindleko zokutshala izimali, imikhiqizo yezwe lami yokucubungula ithusi inenzuzo yezindleko eziphansi.Nokho, lezi zinzuzo ezincintisanayo zamabhizinisi ezwe lami akhiqiza ithusi ziya ngokuya zilahleka.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nezindleko zamandla ziye zanda kancane kancane;ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba imboni yokucubungula ithusi iyimboni enemali eningi, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini nobuchwepheshe, kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kuye kwacindezela izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nezindleko zamandla ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza.isilinganiso.

Ngakho-ke, inzuzo engabizi kakhulu yemboni yokucubungula yethusi yaseChina izolahleka kancane kancane.Ngokubhekana nokuncintisana kwamabhizinisi omhlaba embonini efanayo, amabhizinisi ezwe lami akhiqiza ithusi awakaqali izinzuzo zawo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, isikali sokukhiqiza, isakhiwo somkhiqizo, njll. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, insimu yemikhiqizo yokucubungula yethusi evamile nephansi. izobhekana nomqhudelwano oshubile.

Ithemba lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokucubungula ithusi

1. Inqubomgomo ivuna ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokucubungula ithusi

Imboni yokucubungula ithusi iyimboni ekhuthazwa ukuthi ithuthuke ezweni lami futhi isekelwa kakhulu izinqubomgomo zikazwelonke.UMkhandlu Kazwelonke, Ikhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nenguquko, Umnyango Wesayensi Nobuchwepheshe, Umnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, kanye nezinhlangano zezimboni ziye zakha ngokulandelana izinqubomgomo eziningi njengokuthi “Imibono Eyisiqondiso Ekudaleni Indawo Enhle Yemakethe Yokuphromotha. Imboni Yezinsimbi Ezingenayo Insimbi Ukuze Ilungise Isakhiwo, Ikhuthaze Uguquko Nokwandisa Inzuzo” ukuze isekele ukuthuthukiswa okuzinzile kwemboni yokucubungula ithusi futhi ikhuthaze imikhiqizo yokucubungula ithusi.Ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo kunikeza isiqinisekiso senqubomgomo esiqondile kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi embonini, futhi ithemba lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokucubungula ithusi likhanya.

2. Intuthuko eqhubekayo futhi ezinzile yomnotho kazwelonke iqhuba ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesikali semboni yokucubungula ithusi.

I-Copper iyinsimbi ebalulekile yezimboni, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlobene eduze nokukhula komnotho.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kwethusi kuye kwakhula kancane kancane ngokukhula kwe-GDP.Idatha evela ku-National Bureau of Statistics ikhombisa ukuthi ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2021, isamba somkhiqizo wasekhaya singama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-82,313.1, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka ngo-9.8% ngamanani aqhathanisekayo, kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula kweminyaka emibili ngo-5.2%. .Ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wezinga eliphezulu waseShayina kuyasimama.Kulindeleke ukuthi ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisafufusa zamasu ezifana nesizukulwane esisha semboni yolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, izimoto ezintsha zamandla, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini ephezulu, ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwethusi sizogcina ukukhula okuthile, kuqhubekise ukukhula okuqhubekayo. yemboni yokucubungula ithusi.

3. Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ithusi kukhuthaza ukukhuphuka kwemikhiqizo yethusi yasekhaya

Eminyakeni yakamuva, izinga lobuchwepheshe lamabhizinisi ezwe lami akhiqiza ithusi liye lathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo.Njengamanje, imishini kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bamabhizinisi asekhaya asezingeni lokuqala sebefinyelele ezingeni elihamba phambili lamazwe omhlaba.Phakathi kwezinto zokucubungula ithusi, amapayipi ethusi ashintshiwe asuka ku-net ayiswa kwamanye amazwe ayiswa kwamanye amazwe, kanti neminye imikhiqizo yethusi isiqalile ukufaka esikhundleni semikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu engenisiwe yasekhaya.Ngokuzayo, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinga lobuchwepheshe lemboni yokucubungula ithusi kuzokhuthaza amabhizinisi embonini ukuthuthukisa izinto zokucubungula zethusi ezinembe kakhudlwana, andise imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, futhi athole amazinga aphezulu enzuzo.

4. Izinga lokukwazi ukwanelisa ithusi eligaywe kabusha lasekhaya linyusiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko esimeme yemboni yokucubungula ithusi.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-copper yasekhaya ibonise umkhuba owandayo, futhi ukugxila kwembonini yokuncibilikisa yethusi esetshenziswe kabusha kuye kwanda kancane kancane.I-Pearl River Delta, i-Yangtze River Delta, kanye ne-Bohai Rim Economic Circle kancane kancane ziye zakha amaqoqo ezimboni zethusi ezigaywe kabusha, futhi zasungula izimakethe eziningi zokuhweba ezigaywa kabusha zasekhaya.Esimeni sokukhula kwezinsalela zethusi ezifuywayo, izinga lokukwazi ukwanelisa ithusi lesibili ezweni lami lizothuthukiswa nakakhulu esikhathini esizayo, likhuthaze intuthuko esimeme yemboni yokucubungula ithusi.