I-Beryllium Resource and Extraction

I-Beryllium iyinsimbi ekhanyayo engavamile, futhi izakhi ezingezona ezoniwe ezibalwe kulesi sigaba zifaka i-lithium (Li), i-rubidium (Rb), ne-cesium (Cs).Izinqolobane ze-beryllium emhlabeni zingama-390kt kuphela, okukhiphayo okuphezulu kakhulu konyaka sekufinyelele ku-1400t, kanti unyaka ophansi kakhulu ungama-200t kuphela.I-China iyizwe elinezinsiza ezinkulu ze-beryllium, futhi ukukhishwa kwayo akukadluli ku-20t/a, futhi i-beryllium ore itholwe ezifundazweni ezingu-16 (izifunda ezizimele).Kuye kwatholakala izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zamaminerali e-beryllium namaminerali ane-beryllium, futhi izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zivamile.I-Xianghuashi ne-Shunjiashi e-Hunan ingenye yediphozithi yokuqala ye-beryllium etholwe e-China.I-Beryl [Be3Al2 (Si6O18)] iyiminerali ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhipha i-beryllium.I-Be Okuqukethwe kwayo yi-9.26% ~ 14.4%.I-beryl enhle empeleni iyi-emerald, ngakho-ke kungathiwa i-beryllium ivela ku-emerald.Ngendlela, nansi indaba yokuthi i-China yathola kanjani i-beryllium, i-lithium, i-tantalum-niobium ore.

Maphakathi nawo-1960, ukuze kuthuthukiswe "amabhomu amabili nesathelayithi eyodwa", i-China yayidinga ngokushesha izinsimbi ezingavamile njenge-tantalum, i-niobium, i-zirconium, i-hafnium, i-beryllium, ne-lithium., "87" isho inombolo ye-serial yephrojekthi kuphrojekthi eyisihluthulelo kazwelonke ingu-87, ngakho ithimba labahloli elakhiwe izazi zesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba, amasosha nonjiniyela kanye nochwepheshe lasungulwa ukuze liye emaphethelweni asenyakatho-mpumalanga yeJunggar Basin eXinjiang, Irtysh In. ugwadule nezwe eliwugwadule eningizimu yomfula, ngemva kwemizamo enzima, ekugcineni kwatholakala indawo yezimayini yaseCoketuohai.Abasebenzi bephrojekthi ye-“6687″ bathole izimayini zensimbi ezintathu ezibalulekile ezingavamile, i-01, 02 kanye ne-03, eMayini ye-Keketuohai No. 3.Eqinisweni, i-ore 01 i-beryl esetshenziselwa ukukhipha i-beryllium, i-ore 02 i-spodumene, kanti i-ore 03 i-tantalum-niobite.I-beryllium ekhishiwe, i-lithium, i-tantalum, ne-niobium ibaluleke kakhulu “kumabhomu amabili nenkanyezi eyodwa” yaseChina.indima ebalulekile.Imayini yaseCocoto Sea nayo izuze idumela “lomgodi ongcwele we-geology yomhlaba”.

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-140 zamaminerali e-beryllium angembiwa emhlabeni, futhi kunezinhlobo ezingama-86 zamaminerali e-beryllium emayini yase-Cocotohai 03.I-beryllium esetshenziswa kuma-gyroscopes emicibisholo ecitshwayo, ibhomu lokuqala le-athomu, kanye nebhomu lokuqala le-hydrogen ezinsukwini zakuqala zePeople's Republic of China konke kwavela kumaminerali angama-6687-01 oLwandle lwaseCocoto, kanye ne-lithium eyasetshenziswa ekuqaleni. ibhomu le-athomu lavela emayini ye-6687- 02, i-cesium esetshenziswa esathelayithi yokuqala yomhlaba yokwenziwa yaseNew China nayo iphuma kule mayini.

Ukukhishwa kwe-beryllium kuqala ukukhipha i-beryllium oxide ku-beryl, bese ukhiqiza i-beryllium kusuka ku-beryllium oxide.Ukukhishwa kwe-beryllium oxide kuhlanganisa indlela ye-sulfate kanye nendlela ye-fluoride.Kunzima kakhulu ukunciphisa ngokuqondile i-beryllium oxide ku-beryllium.Ekukhiqizeni, i-beryllium oxide iqala ukuguqulwa ibe i-halide, bese inciphisa iberyllium.Kunezinqubo ezimbili: indlela yokunciphisa i-beryllium fluoride kanye ne-beryllium chloride encibilikisiwe kasawoti e-electrolysis indlela.Ubuhlalu be-beryllium obutholwe ngokuncishiswa yi-vacuum encibilikisiwe ukuze kususwe i-magnesium engaphenduliwe, i-beryllium fluoride, i-magnesium fluoride nokunye ukungcola, bese iphonswa kuma-ingots;I-electrolytic vacuum smelting isetshenziselwa ukuphonsa kuma-ingots.Lolu hlobo lwe-beryllium luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-beryllium ehlanzekile yezimboni.

Ukuze kulungiswe i-beryllium ehlanzekile, i-beryllium engahluziwe ingacutshungulwa nge-vacuum distillation, i-electrorefining kasawoti encibilikisiwe noma ukuncibilikiswa kwendawo.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-23-2022