1. Iimpawu zobhedu obomvu ococekileyo: ukucoceka okuphezulu, ukulungelelaniswa okuhle, umxholo ophantsi kakhulu we-oxygen.akukho nanye

Iipores, i-trachoma, i-porosity, i-conductivity egqwesileyo yombane, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwendawo yokubumba i-electro-etched mold, emva kwenkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa, i-electrode ayikho-directional, ifanelekile ukusika kakuhle, ukusika kakuhle, ukusebenza kuthelekiswa neJapan. ubhedu obusulungekileyo obubomvu, ixabiso lifikeleleka ngakumbi, yenye Imveliso ekhethwayo yobhedu olungeniswa ngaphandle.Cu≥99.95% O<003Conductivity≥57ms/mHardness≥85.2HV

2. Iimpawu ze-Chromium-copper: umbane olungileyo kunye ne-thermal conductivity, ubunzima obuphezulu, i-resistant-resistant kunye ne-anti-explosion, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengebhloko ye-conductive.

3. Iipropati zobhedu zeBeryllium: I-Beryllium yobhedu yisisombululo esiqinileyo se-supersaturated esekelwe kwi-alloy-based alloy.I-alloy engeyona i-ferrous kunye nendibaniselwano efanelekileyo yezinto eziphathekayo, iipropati ezibonakalayo, iikhemikhali kunye nokumelana nokubola.Emva kwesisombululo esiqinileyo kunye nonyango lokuguga, lunokulingana nentsimbi ekhethekileyo.Umda wamandla aphezulu, umda we-elastic, umda wesivuno kunye nomda wokudinwa.Kwangaxeshanye, ine-conductivity ephezulu yombane, i-thermal conductivity, ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-creep kunye nokumelana nokugqwala.Izixhobo ze-electrode ze-welding zoomatshini bokufa, iipuntshi zoomatshini bokubumba, umsebenzi ongagugiyo kunye ne-corrosion-resistant, njl. iikliphu, iigaskets, iidiaphragm, iMembrane kunye nezinye iimveliso.Yimathiriyeli eyimfuneko nebalulekileyo kushishino kulwakhiwo loqoqosho lwesizwe.Uxinzelelo 8.3g/cm3 Ukuqina 36-42HRC Ukuhanjiswa koMbane ≥18% IACS amandla okuqina ≥1000Mpa Thermal conductivity ≥105w/m.k20℃

4. Iimpawu ze-tungsten kunye nobhedu: xa i-metallurgy engumgubo isetyenziselwa ukubumba okwenziwe ngentsimbi ye-tungsten, intsimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni kunye ne-alloy ephezulu yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, xa kufuneka i-corrosion yombane, ngenxa yelahleko enkulu kunye nesantya esicothayo se-electrode eqhelekileyo, ubhedu lwe-tungsten yinto efanelekileyo.Amandla okugoba≥667Mpa

Ubuninzi be-14g / cm3 Ukuqina ≥ 184HV Conductivity ≥ 42% IACS.

Kule mihla, ubhedu lusasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi gqitha.I-conductivity yobhedu yesibini kuphela kwisilivere, ibeka indawo yesibini phakathi kweentsimbi, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lombane.

Ubhedu kulula ukwenza i-alloys kunye nezinye izinyithi.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeealloyi zobhedu.Umzekelo, ubhedu (80% Cu, 15% Sn, 5% Zn) buqinile, bulukhuni kwaye kulula ukuphosa;ubhedu (60%Cu, 40%Zn) lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zesixhobo;cupronickel (50% -70%Cu, 18%-20%Ni, 13%-15%Zn) isetyenziswa ikakhulu njengesixhobo.

Ubhedu kunye nentsimbi, i-manganese, i-molybdenum, i-boron, i-zinc, i-cobalt kunye nezinye izinto zingasetyenziswa njengezichumisi ze-trace element.Izinto zokulandela umkhondo ziyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo yobomi bezityalo.Bangakwazi ukuphucula umsebenzi we-enzymes, ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kweswekile, isitashi, iiprotheni, i-nucleic acids, iivithamini kunye ne-enzymes, enenzuzo ekukhuleni kwezityalo.

Ubhedu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuphila.Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30 zeeprotheyini kunye nee-enzymes emzimbeni womntu ezinobhedu.Ngoku kuyaziwa ukuba owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo we-physiological of copper yi-ceruloplasmin kwi-serum yabantu, enomsebenzi wokwenza i-metabolism ye-physiological of iron.I-Copper iphinda ikhulise amandla eeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ukutshabalalisa ibhaktheriya kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zonyango zamayeza athile.Nangona ubhedu luyinto ebalulekileyo, ukuba isetyenziswe ngokugqithiseleyo, inokubangela izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

1. Ukusebenza

I-Copper ineempawu ezintle zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ezifana ne-conductivity yombane, i-thermal conductivity, ukumelana ne-corrosion kunye ne-ductility.I-conductivity yombane kunye ne-thermal conductivity yesibini kuphela kwisilivere, kwaye ubhedu olusulungekileyo lunokutsalwa kwiingcingo zobhedu ezibhityileyo kakhulu ukwenza iifoyile zobhedu ezibhityileyo.Icandelo elitsha lobhedu olucocekileyo luvukile lubomvu, kodwa emva kokuba ifilimu ye-copper oxide yenziwe phezu komhlaba, ukubonakala kumfusa, ngoko kubizwa ngokuba ngubhedu obomvu.

Ubhedu ngaphandle kobhedu olusulungekileyo

, ubhedu lunokudibaniswa ne-tin, i-zinc, i-nickel kunye nezinye izinyithi ukudibanisa ama-alloys aneempawu ezahlukeneyo, ezizezi: ubhedu, ubhedu kunye ne-cupronickel.Ukuba i-zinc yongezwa kwi-copper ecocekileyo (99.99%), ibizwa ngokuba lubhedu.Ngokomzekelo, iibhubhu eziqhelekileyo zobhedu eziqukethe i-80% yobhedu kunye ne-20% ye-zinc zisetyenziselwa i-condensers yezityalo zamandla kunye ne-radiator yemoto;Ukongeza i-nickel kubizwa ngokuba lubhedu olumhlophe, ezinye zibizwa ngokuba yibronze.Ngaphandle kwe-zinc kunye ne-nickel, zonke ii-alloys zobhedu kunye nezinye izinto zetsimbi zibizwa ngokuba yi-bronze, kwaye yintoni i-elementi eyongeziweyo ibizwa ngokuba yiyiphi into.Eyona bronze ibalulekileyo yitin phosphor bronze kunye neberyllium bronze.Ngokomzekelo, i-tin bronze inembali ende kakhulu yokusetyenziswa kwilizwe lam, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuphosa iintsimbi, ii-tripods, izixhobo zomculo kunye neempahla zedini.I-bronze ye-tin ingasetyenziswa njengeebheringi, i-bushings kunye neendawo zokunxiba, njl.

I-conductivity yombane yobhedu ecocekileyo iyahluka, kwaye amandla kunye nokumelana nokubola kobhedu kunokuphuculwa kakhulu ngokuxutywa.Ezinye zezi ngxubevange ziyaxhathisa kwaye zineempawu ezintle zokuphosa, kwaye ezinye zineempawu ezingcono zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokubola.

2. Injongo

Ngenxa yokuba ubhedu luneempawu ezibalaseleyo ezikhankanywe ngasentla, linoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino.Kubandakanya ishishini lombane, ukwenziwa koomatshini, ukuthutha, ulwakhiwo njalo njalo.Okwangoku, ubhedu lusetyenziswa ikakhulu ekwenzeni iingcingo, iintambo zonxibelelwano kunye nezinye iimveliso ezigqityiweyo ezifana neenjini zombane, iirotor generator kunye nezixhobo zombane kunye neemitha kule nkalo yoshishino lombane kunye ne-electronics, ethatha malunga nesiqingatha seshishini lilonke. imfuno.I-alloys yobhedu kunye nobhedu ithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwii-chips zekhompyutheni, iisekethe ezidibeneyo, ii-transistors, iibhodi zeesekethe eziprintiweyo kunye nezinye izixhobo kunye nezixhobo.Ngokomzekelo, i-transistor ehamba phambili isebenzisa i-alloy ye-chromium-zirconium-copper ene-conductivity ephezulu yombane kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephezulu.Kutshanje, inkampani yekhompyuter eyaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe i-IBM yamkele ubhedu ukuze ithathe indawo ye-aluminiyam kwiitshiphusi ze-silicon, ephawula impumelelo yamva nje ekusetyenzisweni kweyona ntsimbi indala ebantwini kwitekhnoloji ye-semiconductor.