Beryllium, oo ka kooban 0.001% ee qolofta dhulka, macdanta ugu muhiimsan waa beryl, beryllium iyo chrysoberyl.Beryllium dabiiciga ah wuxuu leeyahay saddex isotopes: beryllium-7, beryllium-8, iyo beryllium-10.Beryllium waa bir cawlan oo bir ah;barta dhalaalka 1283°C, barta karkarinta 2970°C, cufnaanta 1.85 g/cm, radius beryllium 0.31 angstroms, aad uga yar biraha kale.Astaamaha beryllium: Astaamaha kiimikaad ee beryllium waa firfircoon waxayna samayn karaan lakab difaac oo cufan.Xataa kulaylka gaduudan, beryllium aad bay u deggan tahay hawada.Beryllium kama falcelin karto oo keliya aashitada la dhayayo, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku milmi kartaa alkali xooggan, oo muujinaysa amphoteric.Oxide-yada iyo halides ee beryllium waxay leeyihiin sifooyin isku-dhafan oo cad, xeryahooda beryllium waxay si fudud u burburaan biyaha, beryllium waxay sidoo kale samayn karaan polymers iyo xeryahooda covalent leh xasilloonida kuleylka.

Beryllium, sida lithium, sidoo kale waxay samaysaa lakab oksaydh ilaalin ah, sidaas darteed waxay ku xasilloon tahay hawadu xitaa marka ay kulushahay casaan.Aan ku milmin biyo qabow, in yar oo biyo kulul ku milmay, ku milmay acid hydrochloric, milmi sulfuric acid iyo potassium hydroxide xal si loo sii daayo hydrogen.Birta beryllium waxay leedahay iska caabin weyn oo daxalka ah oo ay u leedahay birta sodium-ka oksijiinta xitaa marka ay heerkul sare tahay.Beryllium waxay leedahay xaalad wanaagsan oo 2 ah waxayna samayn kartaa polymers iyo sidoo kale fasal isku-dar ah oo leh xasillooni kuleyl oo muhiim ah.

Beryllium iyo xeryahooda ayaa aad u sun ah.Inkasta oo noocyo kala duwan oo beryllium ah laga helo qolofta dhulka, haddana aad ayay dhif u tahay, taasoo ka kooban 32-aad oo keliya dhammaan curiyeyaasha dhulka.Midabka iyo muuqaalka beryllium waa caddaan silvery ama cawl bir ah, iyo waxa ku jira qolofka: 2.6 × 10%

Astaamaha kiimikada ee beryllium waa firfircoon, waxaana jira 8 nooc oo isotopes beryllium ah oo la helay: oo ay ku jiraan beryllium 6, beryllium 7, beryllium 8, beryllium 9, beryllium 10, beryllium 11, beryllium 12, beryllium 14, kuwaas oo beryllium oo kaliya. 9 waa xasilloon, Isotopeyada kale waa shucaac.Dabeecadda, waxay ka jirtaa beryl, beryllium iyo chrysoberyl ore, iyo beryllium waxay u qaybsantaa beryl iyo isha bisadda.Macdanta beryllium-qaadka leh waxay leedahay noocyo badan oo hufan, midab qurux badan leh waxayna ahayd dhagaxa qaaliga ah ee ugu qiimaha badan tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore.

Dhagaxyada dhagaxa ah ee lagu duubay dukumeentiyadii hore ee Shiinaha, sida nuxurka bisadda, ama dhagaxa nuxurka bisadda, isha bisadda, iyo opal, kuwaas oo ay dad badani u yaqaanaan chrysoberyl, macdanahaan beryllium-ka ku jira asal ahaan waa kala duwanaanshiyaha beryl.Waxaa lagu heli karaa koronto la'aan ah beryllium chloride dhalaalaysa ama beryllium hydroxide.

Beryllium-nadiifinta sare waa sidoo kale isha muhiimka ah ee neutrons-ka degdega ah.Shaki la'aan, aad bay muhiim ugu tahay naqshadaynta kuleyliyeyaasha kuleyliyaha nukliyeerka, tusaale ahaan, waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dhexdhexaadiyaha neutron ee reactors nukliyeerka.Alaabooyinka naxaasta ah ee Beryllium waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo qalab aan soo saarin dhimbiil, sida qaybaha muhiimka ah ee dhaqdhaqaaqa hawada-matoorada muhiimka ah, qalabka saxda ah, iwm. miisaanka, modules sare ee barti iyo xasilloonida kulaylka wanaagsan.Tusaale ahaan, labada mashruuc ee hawada sare ee Cassini Saturn probe iyo Mars rover, Maraykanku wuxuu isticmaalay qaybo badan oo beryllium bir ah si loo yareeyo miisaanka.
Ka digtoonow in beryllium ay sun tahay.Khaasatan mitir kuyuubik kasta oo hawo ah, ilaa hal milligram oo boodh beryllium ah ay dadka u keeni karto inay qaadaan oof wareen degdeg ah – cudurka sambabada ee beryllium.Warshadaha macdanta ee dalkaygu waxay hoos u dhigeen maadada beryllium ee hal mitir kuyuub oo hawo ah in ka yar 1/100,000 garaam, waxayna si guul leh u xalliyeen dhibaatada ka hortagga sunta beryllium.

Dhab ahaantii, xeryahooda beryllium way ka sun badan yihiin beryllium, xeryahooda beryllium-kuna waxay sameeyaan walxo jelly oo kale ah oo ku jira unugyada xoolaha iyo balaasmaha, kuwaas oo si kiimiko ah ula falgala hemoglobin si ay u abuuraan walax cusub oo ka dhigaysa dhaawacyo kala duwan ayaa ku dhaca unugyada iyo xubnaha, iyo beryllium. sambabada iyo lafaha ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa inay keenaan kansar.