Beryllium waa bir xasaasi ah oo ay aad uga walaacsan yihiin quwadaha waaweyn ee militariga adduunka.Ka dib in ka badan 50 sano oo horumarineed oo madaxbannaan, warshadaha beryllium ee dalkaygu waxay aasaaseen nidaam warshadeed oo dhamaystiran.Warshadaha beryllium, beryllium birta ayaa ah kuwa ugu yar ee la isticmaalo laakiin ugu muhiimsan.Waxay leedahay codsiyada muhiimka ah ee dhinacyada difaaca qaranka, hawada hawada iyo tamarta nukliyeerka ee istiraatiijiga ah.Waa kheyraad istiraatiiji ah oo muhiim ah oo la xiriira amniga qaranka;Qadarka ugu badan waa daawaha naxaasta ee beryllium, kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo beeraha warshadaha.Maraykanku wuxuu cunaqabatayn saaray Shiinaha oo ah beryllium saafi ah iyo beryllium copper master alloys.Daawaha naxaasta Beryllium waa qalab laastiig ah oo aan bir lahayn oo leh sifooyin dhammaystiran oo heer sare ah, oo loo yaqaan "boqorka barti", oo leh xoog sare, qallafsanaan sare, caabbinta daxalka, korantada sare ee korantada, kuleylka sare ee kuleylka, iska caabinta daalka, iska caabinta daxalka, dabacsanaanta Waxay leedahay wax qabad aad u wanaagsan sida hysteresis yar, aan magnet-ka ahayn, iyo wax dhimbiil ah oo aan lahayn marka la saameeyo.Sidaa darteed, codsiga ugu weyn ee beryllium waa aluminium naxaas ah oo beryllium ah, waxaana lagu qiyaasaa in 65% berylium ee suuqa ku jira qaabka beryllium copper alloy.

1. Dulmarka warshadaha beryllium shisheeye

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, kaliya Mareykanka, Kazakhstan iyo Shiinaha ayaa leh nidaam warshadeed oo dhameystiran oo beryllium ah oo ka soo jeeda macdanta beryllium macdanta, birta soo saarista ilaa birta beryllium iyo farsamaynta aluminium ee miisaanka warshadaha.Warshada beryllium ee dalka Maraykanka ayaa ah tan ugu wayn aduunka, waxayna ka dhigan tahay heerka tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka aduunka ee beryllium, waxayna faa’iido buuxda ku leedahay warshadaha beryllium ee aduunka, hogaaminta iyo hogaaminta.Maraykanku waxa uu gacanta ku hayaa ganacsiga caalamiga ah ee warshadaha beryllium isaga oo siinaya beryllium cayriin, dhammaatay, iyo badeecooyin la dhammeeyey oo la siiya qaar badan oo ka mid ah soosaarayaasha alaabta beryllium ee adduunka, labadaba Maraykanka iyo dibaddaba.Japan waxaa xaddiday la'aanta kheyraadka macdanta beryllium mana lahan awoodda silsiladda warshadaha oo dhan, laakiin waxay leedahay tignoolajiyada horumarsan ee farsamaynta sare waxayna door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa warshadaha beryllium ee caalamiga ah.
American Materion (oo hore u ahaan jiray Brash Wellman) waa soo saaraha kaliya ee isku dhafan ee aduunka oo soo saari kara dhammaan alaabta beryllium.Waxaa jira laba shirkadood oo waaweyn.Mid ka mid ah hoosaadyada ayaa soo saara aluminium beryllium beerta warshadaha, beryllium taarikada alloy copper, strips, fiilooyinka, tuubooyinka, ulo, iwm.iyo qalabka beryllium-fasalka indhaha, iyo sidoo kale aluminium beryllium-aluminium ah oo qiimo sare leh oo loogu talagalay codsiyada hawada.Shirkadda NGK waa tan labaad ee ugu weyn ee soo saarta naxaasta beryllium ee adduunka, oo hore loogu yiqiin NGK Metal Corporation.Wuxuu bilaabay soo saarida daawaha naxaasta ee beryllium sanadkii 1958-kii waana shirkad la wada leeyahay oo ay leedahay NipponGaishi Co., Ltd. (NipponGaishi).Sannadkii 1986-kii, Nippon Insulator Co., Ltd. waxay iibsatay laanta naxaasta beryllium ee shirkadda Cabot Corporation ee Maraykanka waxayna magaceeda u beddeshay NGK, sidaas darteed waxay samaysay xaalad ay kula tartanto Materion Corporation ee Maraykanka berrinkii beryllium copper.Biraha xannibaadda waa soo dejinta ugu weyn adduunka ee beryllium oxide (Ilaha ugu muhiimsan ee la soo dejiyo waa Materion ee Maraykanka iyo Ulba Metallurgical Plant ee Kazakhstan).Awoodda wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha ah ee NGK ee naxaasta beryllium waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay ka badan tahay 6,000 oo tan.Warshada birta birta ah ee Urba waa warshadda kaliya ee dhalada iyo warshadaynta beryllium ee ku taal Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore, waxayna hadda ka tirsan tahay Kazakhstan.Burburkii Midowgii Soofiyeeti ka hor, wax-soo-saarka beryllium ee Warshada Birta-Curba waxay ahayd mid sir ah oo aan la aqoon.Sannadkii 2000, Warshada Metallurgical ee Ulba waxay ka heshay $25 milyan oo doolar maalgashi shirkadda Maraykanka ee Materion.Materion waxay siisay Ulba Metallurgical Plant lacag-soo-saarka beryllium labadii sano ee ugu horreysay, waxayna cusboonaysiisay qalabkeeda waxayna bixisay teknoolojiyad cusub.Taa baddalkeeda, Warshadda birta ee Urba waxay si gaar ah u siisaa alaabada beryllium-ka Materion, oo ay ku jiraan macdan beryllium ingots iyo beryllium copper alloys master Alloys (la keenay ilaa 2012).2005tii, Urba Metallurgical Plant waxay dhamaystirtay qorshahan maalgashi ee 5-ta sano ah.Awoodda wax-soo-saarka sanadlaha ah ee warshadda birta ee Urba waa 170-190 tan oo badeecado beryllium ah, awoodda wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha ah ee beryllium copper master alloy waa 3000 tan, awoodda wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha ah ee daawaha copper beryllium waa 3000 tan.Awoodda wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha ah ee alaabtu waxay gaartaa 1,000 tan.Wuerba Metallurgical Plant waxa ay maalgelisay oo ay ka dhistay shirkad la wada leeyahay oo ku taal Shanghai, Shiinaha: Wuzhong Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., oo mas'uul ka ah soo dejinta, dhoofinta, dib u dhoofinta iyo iibinta alaabta beryllium ee shirkadda ee Shiinaha, Bariga Aasiya , Koonfur-bari Aasiya iyo gobollo kale.Sannado badan oo horumarineed ka dib, Wuzhong Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ugu muhiimsan ee beryllium copper alloys master-ka Shiinaha, Bariga Aasiya iyo Koonfur-bari Aasiya.Dhul weynaha Shiinaha, waxa ay qabsatay in ka badan 70% saamiga suuqa ee ugu sarreeya.

2. Xaaladda guud ee warshadaha beryllium ee qaranka
Tobanaan sano oo horumar ah ka dib, warshadaha beryllium ee Shiinaha ayaa sameeyay nidaam warshadeed dhamaystiran oo laga soo bilaabo macdanta macdanta, birta soo saarista ilaa birta beryllium iyo farsamaynta aluminium.Alaabooyinka suuqa ugu muhiimsan ee hadda lagu qaybiyo silsiladda warshadaha beryllium waxaa ka mid ah: xeryahooda beryllium, beryllium birta, aluminium beryllium, ceramics beryllium oxide iyo walxaha isku dhafan ee beryllium-ku salaysan.Shirkadaha waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah ganacsiyada ay dowladdu leedahay sida Dongfang Tantalum iyo Minmetal Beryllium, iyo sidoo kale ganacsiyo yaryar oo gaar loo leeyahay.2018, Shiinuhu wuxuu soo saaray 50 tan oo beryllium saafi ah.Maraykanku waxa uu Shiinaha cunaqabatayn saarayaa biraha beryllium iyo beryllium copper master alloys.Midka ugu yar laakiin ugu muhiimsan ee silsiladda warshadaha waa beryllium birta.Birta beryllium waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dhinacyada difaaca qaranka, hawada hawada iyo kheyraadka istaraatiijiga ah, codsiga difaaca qaranka ee ugu muhiimsanna waa gantaalada istiraatiijiga ah ee nukliyeerka.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxa kale oo ka mid ah qaybaha qaabka dayax-gacmeedka iyo qaybaha dhismaha, muraayadaha dayax-gacmeedka, gantaalaha gantaalaha, gyroscopes iyo navigation iyo qaybaha xakamaynta hubka, baakadaha elektiroonigga ah, hababka isgaarsiinta xogta iyo muraayadaha muraayadaha ee laydhka awoodda sare leh;beryllium birta heerka nukliyeerka ah ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa Cilmi-baarista/tijaabada fission nukliyeerka iyo reactors fusion.Qadarka ugu badan ee silsiladda warshaduhu waa daawaha naxaasta beryllium.Marka loo eego tirakoobka, in ka badan 80% beryllium hydroxide waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro beryllium copper master alloy (4% beryllium content).Hooyada daawaha waxaa lagu qasi jiray naxaas saafi ah si ay u soo saaraan beryllium-copper alloys oo leh maadada beryllium ee 0.1 ~ 2% iyo qaybo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan noocyada kala duwan ee berylium-copper profiles (baararka, strips, taarikada, fiilooyinka, tuubooyinka), dhamaystirka shirkadaha Isticmaal. profiles kuwan si loo habeeyo qaybaha loo isticmaalo beeraha warshadaha sida elektiroonigga macaamiisha ah.Wax-soo-saarka beryllium-copper alloy guud ahaan waxa loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood: kor iyo hoos.Dusha sare waa macdan qodista, soo saarista iyo ku dhalaalida beryllium-ka ka kooban beryllium-copper alloy master alloy (waxa ku jira beryllium guud ahaan waa 4%);dariiqa hoose waa beryllium-copper alloy master alloy sida wax lagu daro, isagoo ku daray naxaas Dheeraad ah dhalaalid iyo habayn galay profiles daawaha naxaasta beryllium (tubooyinka, strips, ulo, fiilooyinka, taarikada, iwm), wax soo saarka Alloys kasta waxaa loo qaybin doonaa fasalo kala duwan sababtoo ah karti la'aan.

3. Kooban
Suuqa beryllium copper master alloy suuqa, awoodda wax soo saarku waxay ku urursan tahay shirkado dhawr ah, iyo Maraykanka ayaa ka sarreeya.Xadka tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka ee daawaynta naxaasta ee beryllium waa mid aad u sarreeya, warshadaha oo dhanna waa kuwo xoogaa xoog leh.Waxa jira alaab-qeybiyeyaal yar ama hal-soo-saare sare oo nooc kasta oo la qaybsado.Sababo la xiriira yaraanta kheyraadka iyo tignoolajiyada hormuudka u ah, Materion-ka Mareykanka wuxuu ku jiraa booska ugu horreeya, Japan NGK iyo Kazakhstan's Urbakin Metallurgical Plant sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin awood xoog leh, ganacsiyada gudahana gabi ahaanba waa dib u dhac.Suuqa beryllium copper alloy profile suuqa, wax soo saarka gudaha waxa ay ku urursan yihiin bartamihii-ilaa-hoose ee garoonka, iyo waxaa jira baahi weyn oo beddelka ah iyo booska qiimaha ee bartamaha-ilaa-dhamaadka sare suuqa.Haddi ay noqoto beryllium-copper alloy ama beryllium-copper profiles, ganacsiyada guduhu wali waxay ku jiraan marxalada soo qabashada, alaabaduna waxay inta badan ku jiraan suuqa hoose ee hoose, qiimuhuna inta badan waa kala badh ama xitaa ka hooseeya kan suuqa. wax soo saarka ee Maraykanka iyo Japan.Sababta ayaa weli ku xaddidan xasilloonida tignoolajiyada dhalaalka iyo habka.Dhinacan macneheedu waxa weeye marka la eego kharashka wax-soo-saarka gudaha iyo wax-soo-saarka hooseeya, haddii tignoolajiyada dhalaalidda naxaasta ee beryllium gaar ah la maareeyo ama la isku daro, badeecada ayaa la filayaa inay gasho suuqa dhexe ee qiimaha faa'iido leh.Beryllium-nadiifinta sareeysa (99.99%) iyo beryllium-copper alloys master Alloys waa alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah ee uu Maraykanku ka mamnuucay u dhoofinta Shiinaha.