Musiyano pakati pendarira nebhuronzi

Bhuronzi inodanwa nokuda kweruvara rwayo rwebhuruu, uye ndarira inodanwa nokuda kweruvara rwayo yeyero.Saka chaizvoizvo ruvara runogona kunyatsosiyaniswa.Kuti inyatsosiyaniswa, kuongororwa kwe metallographic kunodiwa zvakare.

Iyo yegirini yakasvibira yawataura ichiri ruvara rwengura, kwete yechokwadi ruvara rwebhuronzi.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinounza humwe ruzivo rwekutanga rwemhangura alloys:

alloy yemhangura

Mhangura alloys inoumbwa nekuwedzera mamwe alloying zvinhu (senge zingi, tini, aluminium, beryllium, manganese, silicon, nickel, phosphorus, nezvimwewo) kumhangura yakachena.Copper alloys ane yakanaka conductivity yemagetsi, thermal conductivity uye corrosion resistance, pamwe chete nesimba guru uye kupfeka kusagadzikana.

Zvichienderana nekuumbwa, alloys emhangura akakamurwa kuita ndarira uye ndarira.

1. Brass isimbi yemhangura ine zingi sechinhu chikuru chinosanganisa.Zvinoenderana nemakemikari ekuumbwa, ndarira yakakamurwa kuita yakajairika mhangura uye yakakosha ndarira.

(1) Ordinary brass Ordinary brass is a copper-zinc binary alloy.Nekuda kwepurasitiki yakanaka, yakakodzera kugadzira mahwendefa, mbariro, waya, mapaipi uye zvakadzika-kudhirowa zvikamu, senge condenser pombi, inotonhorera pombi uye mechanical uye magetsi zvikamu.Brass ine avhareji yemhangura ye62% uye 59% inogonawo kukandwa uye inodaidzwa kunzi cast brass.

(2) Yakakosha ndarira Kuti iwane simba repamusoro, kusadzivirirwa kwecorrosion uye kuita kwakanaka kwekukanda, aluminium, silicon, manganese, lead, tini uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzerwa kumhangura-zinc alloy kuti iite yakakosha ndarira.Zvakadai sendarira yekutungamirira, tin ndarira, aluminium ndarira, silicon ndarira, manganese ndarira, nezvimwewo.

Lead brass ine yakanakisa yekucheka kuita uye yakanaka kupfeka kuramba, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvekurindira, uye inokandwa kugadzira makwenzi anotakura uye mabhushi.

Tin brass ine yakanaka corrosion resistance uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvikamu zvengarava dzemugungwa.

Aluminium mualuminium brass inogona kuvandudza kusimba uye kuoma kwendarira uye kunatsiridza kusakara kwayo mumhepo.Aluminium brass inoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvisingaite ngura.

Silicon musilicon brass inogona kuvandudza ma mechanic properties, kupfeka kuramba uye corrosion resistance yemhangura.Silicon brass inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvemugungwa nemakemikari emuchina zvikamu.

bronze

Bronze pakutanga inoreva mhangura-tin alloy, asi indasitiri inoshandiswa kudaidza alloys yemhangura ine aruminiyamu, nesilicon, lead, beryllium, manganese, nezvimwewo zvakare bhuronzi, saka bhuronzi inotosanganisira tin bronze, aluminium bronze, aluminium bronze, beryllium bhuronzi, silicon bhuronzi, lead bronze, etc. Bronze yakakamurwawo kuita mapoka maviri: bhuronzi yakadhindwa uye ndarira yakakandwa.

(1) Tin bhuronzi Copper-based alloy ine tin sechinhu chikuru chinosanganisa chinonzi tin bronze.Mazhinji emarata ebronze anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri ane marata ari pakati pe3% ne14%.Tin bronze ine tin content isingasviki 5% inokodzera kushanda kunotonhora;tin bronze ine tin content ye5% kusvika 7% inokodzera kushanda kunopisa;tin bronze ine tin content inopfuura 10% yakakodzera kukanda.Tin bronze inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka ngarava, indasitiri yemakemikari, michina, zviridzwa uye mamwe maindasitiri.Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvipfeko zvinodzivirira kupfeka senge mabhengi uye bushings, elastic components sezvitubu, uye anti-corrosion uye anti-magnetic zvikamu.

(2) Aluminium bronze Copper-based alloy ine aruminiyamu sechinhu chikuru chinosanganisa chinonzi aluminium bronze.Iyo mechanical properties yealuminium bronze yakakwirira kudarika iyo yendarira uye tin bronze.The aluminium content of practical aluminium bronze is between 5% and 12%, and the aluminum bronze with aluminium content of 5% to 7% ine the best plasticity uye inokodzera kutonhora kushanda.Kana iyo aluminium yemukati yakakura kupfuura 7% kusvika 8%, simba rinowedzera, asi plastiki inoderera zvakanyanya, saka inonyanya kushandiswa muas-cast state kana mushure mekupisa kushanda.Iyo abrasion resistance uye corrosion resistance yealuminium bhuronzi mumhepo, mvura yegungwa, mvura yegungwa carbonic acid uye akawanda organic acids akakwira kupfuura aya endarira nemarata ebronze.Aluminium bronze inogona kugadzira magiya, bushings, giya rehonye uye mamwe akasimba-akasimba-asingapfeki zvikamu uye elastic components ine high corrosion resistance.

(3) Beryllium bronze Chisanganiswa chemhangura chine beryllium sechinhu chakakosha chinonzi beryllium bronze.The beryllium content beryllium bronze is 1.7% kusvika 2.5%.Beryllium bhuronzi ine yakakwira elastic muganho uye kuneta muganho, yakanakisa kupfeka kuramba uye corrosion kuramba, yakanaka magetsi conductivity uye thermal conductivity, uye zvakare ine zvakanakira zvisiri zvemagnetic, hapana spark kana yabatwa.Beryllium bronze inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvitubu zvakakosha zvezviridzwa zvewachi, magiya ewachi, mabhengi uye mabhushi achishanda pasi pekumhanya kukuru uye kumanikidzwa kukuru, pamwe nemagetsi emuchina welding, maturusi anoputika-asingaputsi, kambasi dzemugungwa nezvimwe zvikamu zvakakosha.