Beryllium bụ ọla na-emetụ n'ahụ nke nwere nnukwu nchegbu nye ndị isi agha n'ụwa.Mgbe ihe karịrị afọ 50 nke mmepe onwe ya, ụlọ ọrụ beryllium nke obodo m etolitela usoro mmepụta ihe zuru oke.N'ime ụlọ ọrụ beryllium, beryllium metal bụ nke kacha nta eji eme ihe mana ọ kachasị mkpa.Ọ nwere isi ngwa na ubi nke mba agbachitere, aerospace na strategic ike nuklia.Ọ bụ atụmatụ na isi ihe onwunwe metụtara nchekwa obodo;Ọnụ ego kachasị ukwuu bụ ọla kọpa beryllium, bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mpaghara mmepụta ihe.United States na-amachibido iwu beryllium dị ọcha na beryllium ọla kọpa master alloys na China.Beryllium ọla kọpa alloy bụ ihe na-abụghị ferrous alloy ihe na-agbanwe ihe na magburu onwe keukwu Njirimara, nke a maara dị ka "eze nke elasticity", na elu ike, elu siri ike, corrosion iguzogide, elu eletriki conductivity, elu thermal conductivity, ike ọgwụgwụ, corrosion resistance, elasticity. Ọ nwere ọmarịcha arụmọrụ dị ka obere hysteresis, na-abụghị magnetik, na enweghị ọkụ ọkụ mgbe ọ metụtara.Ya mere, isi ngwa nke beryllium bụ ọla kọpa beryllium, a na-eme atụmatụ na 65% nke beryllium n'ahịa dị n'ụdị beryllium ọla kọpa.

1. Nchịkọta nke ụlọ ọrụ beryllium mba ọzọ

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ bụ naanị United States, Kazakhstan na China nwere usoro mmepụta ihe zuru oke nke beryllium sitere na beryllium ore Ngwuputa, ihe nrịbama na-emepụta na beryllium metal na nhazi alloy n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ.Ụlọ ọrụ beryllium dị na United States bụ nke kasị ukwuu n'ụwa, na-anọchite anya ọkwa nkà na ụzụ mmepụta ụwa nke beryllium, ma nwee uru zuru oke na ụlọ ọrụ beryllium ụwa, na-edu na ndị na-eduga.United States na-achịkwa azụmaahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụlọ ọrụ beryllium site n'inye beryllium raw, nke emechara, na ngwaahịa emechara nye ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ngwaahịa beryllium gburugburu ụwa, ma na United States na mba ọzọ.Japan na-ejedebe site na enweghị ihe onwunwe beryllium ore na enweghị ikike nke agbụ ụlọ ọrụ dum, ma ọ nwere nkà na ụzụ dị elu na nhazi nke abụọ ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ beryllium zuru ụwa ọnụ.
American Materion (nke bụbu Brash Wellman) bụ naanị onye nrụpụta agbakwunyere n'ụwa nwere ike imepụta ngwaahịa beryllium niile.Enwere enyemaka abụọ bụ isi.Otu enyemaka na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, beryllium ọla kọpa alloy plates, ibe, wires, tubes, mkpara, wdg;na ngwa anya-grade beryllium ihe, yana ọnụ ahịa beryllium-aluminom alloys maka ngwa ikuku.Ụlọ ọrụ NGK bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọla kọpa beryllium nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa, nke a na-akpọbu NGK Metal Corporation.Malitere imepụta alloys ọla kọpa beryllium na 1958 ma bụrụ onye enyemaka nke NipponGaishi Co., Ltd. (NipponGaishi) nwechara.Na 1986, Nippon Insulator Co., Ltd zụtara alaka ọla kọpa beryllium nke Cabot Corporation nke United States wee gbanwee aha ya na NGK, si otú a na-etolite ọnọdụ iji soro Materion Corporation nke United States na-asọmpi n'ọhịa nke ọla kọpa beryllium.Ihe mgbochi bụ ihe kacha ebubata beryllium oxide n'ụwa (isi mmalite mbubata bụ Materion na United States na Ulba Metallurgical Plant na Kazakhstan).A na-eche na NGK nwere ike imepụta ọla kọpa beryllium kariri tọn 6,000.Urba Metallurgical Plant bụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ beryllium na-agbaze na nhazi nke dị na mbụ Soviet Union ma bụrụ akụkụ nke Kazakhstan ugbu a.Tupu ọdịda Soviet Union, mmepụta nke beryllium na Urba Metallurgical Plant bụ ihe nzuzo nke ukwuu na amachaghịkwa ya.N'afọ 2000, Ulba Metallurgical Plant nwetara ego US $25 nde n'aka ụlọ ọrụ America Materion.Materion nyere Ulba Metallurgical Plant ego mmepụta beryllium maka afọ abụọ mbụ, ma kwalite akụrụngwa ya ma nye ụfọdụ teknụzụ ọhụrụ.Na nloghachi, The Urba Metallurgical Plant na-enye naanị ngwaahịa beryllium na Materion, ọkachasị gụnyere ọla beryllium ingots na beryllium ọla kọpa master alloys (eweta ruo 2012).Na 2005, Urba Metallurgical Plant mezuru atụmatụ itinye ego afọ ise a.Ike mmepụta kwa afọ nke Urba Metallurgical Plant bụ tọn 170-190 nke ngwaahịa beryllium, ikike mmepụta kwa afọ nke beryllium ọla kọpa master alloy bụ tọn 3000, na ikike mmepụta kwa afọ nke beryllium ọla kọpa alloy bụ tọn 3000.Ike mmepụta nke ngwaahịa kwa afọ ruru 1,000 tọn.Wuerba Metallurgical Plant tinyere ego ma guzobe enyemaka zuru oke na Shanghai, China: Wuzhong Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., na-ahụ maka mbubata, mbupụ, mbupụ na mbupụ na ire ngwaahịa beryllium nke ụlọ ọrụ na China, East Asia. , Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke mmepe gasịrị, Wuzhong Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co., Ltd abụrụla otu n'ime ndị na-eweta ihe dị mkpa nke beryllium ọla kọpa master alloys na China, East Asia na Southeast Asia.Na ala China, ọ nwere ihe karịrị 70% nke oke ahịa na ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu.

2. Ọnọdụ izugbe nke ụlọ ọrụ beryllium mba
Ka ọtụtụ iri afọ nke mmepe gasịrị, ụlọ ọrụ beryllium nke China etolitela usoro mmepụta ihe zuru oke site na ngwuputa ọla, ihe nchara na-emepụta ihe ruo na beryllium metal na nhazi alloy.Ngwaahịa ahịa bụ isi na-ekesa ugbu a na yinye ụlọ ọrụ beryllium gụnyere: ogige beryllium, metal beryllium, alloys beryllium, ceramik beryllium oxide na ihe mejupụtara ihe mejupụtara beryllium.Nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị nwere dịka Dongfang Tantalum na Minmetals Beryllium, yana obere ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe.N'afọ 2018, China wepụtara tọn 50 nke beryllium dị ọcha.United States machibidoro beryllium ọla na beryllium ọla kọpa master alloys na China.Nke kacha nta mana nke kachasị mkpa na agbụ ụlọ ọrụ bụ metal beryllium.A na-ejikarị metal beryllium eme ihe n'ọhịa nke nchekwa mba, ikuku ikuku na akụrụngwa, yana ngwa nchekwa mba kachasị dị oke egwu bụ ngwa agha nuklia dị mkpa.Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-agụnye akụkụ nke etiti satịlaịtị na akụkụ ihe owuwu, ozu enyo satịlaịtị, roket nozzles, gyroscopes na igodo na akụrụngwa njikwa ngwa agha, nkwakọ ngwaahịa eletrọnịkị, sistemụ nkwukọrịta data na ozu mirror maka lasers dị elu;A na-ejikwa beryllium metal-ọkwa nuklia maka nyocha/nnwale fission nuklia na ndị na-emegharị ihe.Ọnụ ego kachasị na yinye ụlọ ọrụ bụ beryllium ọla kọpa alloy.Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, a na-eji ihe karịrị 80% nke beryllium hydroxide na-emepụta beryllium ọla kọpa master alloy (4% beryllium content).Nne alloy na-diluted na dị ọcha ọla kọpa na-emepụta beryllium-ọla kọpa alloys na beryllium ọdịnaya nke 0.1 ~ 2% na ihe dị iche iche, gụnyere ụdị dị iche iche nke beryllium-ọla kọpa alloy profaịlụ (ogwe, ibe, efere, wires, ọkpọkọ), finishing ụlọ ọrụ Jiri. profaịlụ ndị a iji hazie ihe ndị a na-eji na mpaghara ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ngwa eletrọnịkị ndị ahịa.A na-ekekarị mmepụta nke beryllium-ọla kọpa n'akụkụ abụọ: elu na mgbada.Ihe dị n'elu bụ ngwuputa ọla, mmịpụta na ịgbaze n'ime beryllium nwere beryllium-ọla kọpa master alloy (ọdịnaya nke beryllium na-abụkarị 4%);na mgbada bụ beryllium-ọla kọpa master alloy dị ka ihe mgbakwunye, na-agbakwunye ọla kọpa Na-agbaze na nhazi n'ime profaịlụ ọla kọpa beryllium (tube, ibe, mkpanaka, wires, plates, wdg), ngwaahịa alloy ọ bụla ga-ekewa n'ime ọkwa dị iche iche n'ihi enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ.

3. Nchịkọta
N'ime ahịa ọla kọpa beryllium ọla kọpa, ikike nrụpụta na-elekwasị anya na ụlọ ọrụ ole na ole, United States na-achịkwa.Ọnụ ụzọ teknụzụ mmepụta nke beryllium ọla kọpa dị oke elu, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dum na-etinyekwa uche.Enwere naanị ndị na-ebubata ma ọ bụ otu nnukwu onye nrụpụta maka ika ma ọ bụ udi kewara ekewa.N'ihi ụkọ akụrụngwa na teknụzụ na-eduga, US Materion nọ n'ọkwá na-eduga, Japan NGK na Kazakhstan's Urbakin Metallurgical Plant nwekwara ike siri ike, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ na-alaghachi azụ kpamkpam.N'ahịa profaịlụ ọla kọpa beryllium ọla kọpa, ngwaahịa ụlọ na-etinye uche n'etiti etiti na ala dị ala, na enwere nnukwu ihe ọzọ achọrọ na ohere ọnụahịa n'etiti ahịa dị elu.Ma ọ bụ beryllium-ọla kọpa alloy ma ọ bụ beryllium-ọla kọpa alloy profaịlụ, ụlọ ụlọ ọrụ ka na-na enwetara-elu ogbo, na ngwaahịa bụ tumadi na ala-ọgwụgwụ ahịa, na price bụ mgbe ọkara ma ọ bụ ọbụna ala karịa nke nke ụlọ ọrụ. ngwaahịa na United States na Japan.Ihe kpatara ya ka na-ejedebe site na nkwụsi ike nke teknụzụ na-agbaze na usoro.Akụkụ a pụtara na n'ihe banyere mmepụta ụlọ dị ala na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ihe, ọ bụrụ na a na-eji nkà na ụzụ beryllium ọla kọpa na-agbaze ma ọ bụ jikọtara ya, a na-atụ anya na ngwaahịa ahụ ga-abanye n'ahịa etiti etiti na uru ọnụahịa.Beryllium dị ọcha dị elu (99.99%) na beryllium-ọla kọpa master alloys bụ isi akụrụngwa nke United States machiri ibuga na China.