Beryllium, atomic tooj 4, atomic hnyav 9.012182, yog lub lightest alkaline ntiaj teb hlau ntsiab.Nws tau tshawb pom nyob rau hauv 1798 los ntawm Fabkis chemist Walkerland thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm beryl thiab emeralds.Nyob rau hauv 1828, German chemist Weiler thiab Fabkis chemist Bixi txo molten beryllium chloride nrog poov tshuaj hlau kom tau cov ntshiab beryllium.Nws lub npe Askiv muaj npe tom qab Weller.Cov ntsiab lus ntawm beryllium nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust yog 0.001%, thiab lub ntsiab minerals yog beryl, beryllium thiab chrysoberyl.Ntuj beryllium muaj peb isotopes: beryllium-7, beryllium-8, thiab beryllium-10.

Beryllium yog hlau grey hlau;melting point 1283 ° C, boiling point 2970 ° C, ceev 1.85 g / cm³, beryllium ion radius 0.31 angstroms, ntau me dua lwm yam hlau.

Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm beryllium muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov txheej txheej oxide tiv thaiv ntom ntom.Txawm tias nyob rau hauv liab kub, beryllium yog ruaj khov heev nyob rau hauv huab cua.Beryllium tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog dilute acid, tab sis kuj yaj hauv cov alkali muaj zog, qhia amphoteric.Oxides thiab halides ntawm beryllium muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, beryllium tebchaw tau yooj yim decomposed hauv dej, thiab beryllium tuaj yeem tsim cov polymers thiab covalent compounds nrog pom tseeb thermal stability.

Hlau beryllium feem ntau yog siv los ua tus neeg nruab nrab neutron hauv cov reactors nuclear.Beryllium tooj liab alloys yog siv los ua cov cuab yeej uas tsis tsim sparks, xws li qhov tseem ceeb txav ntawm aero-engines, precision instruments, thiab lwm yam. Beryllium tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv zoo nkauj rau cov dav hlau thiab cov cuaj luaj vim nws lub teeb yuag, siab modulus ntawm elasticity. thiab zoo thermal stability.Beryllium compounds yog tshuaj lom rau tib neeg lub cev thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem loj heev.