ʻO Beryllium, ʻo ia ka 0.001% i loko o ka ʻōpala o ka honua, ʻo nā minerala nui he beryl, beryllium a me chrysoberyl.He ʻekolu isotopes ka beryllium maoli: beryllium-7, beryllium-8, a me beryllium-10.ʻO Beryllium kahi metala hina hina;helu heheʻe 1283°C, wahi hoʻolapalapa 2970°C, mānoanoa 1.85 g/cm, beryllium ion radius 0.31 angstroms, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā metala ʻē aʻe.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka beryllium: ʻO nā waiwai kemika o ka beryllium he mea ikaika a hiki ke hana i kahi papa pale pale oxide.ʻOiai i ka wela ʻulaʻula, paʻa loa ka beryllium i ka lewa.ʻAʻole hiki i ka Beryllium ke hana wale me ka dilute acid, akā hoʻoheheʻe pū i ka alkali ikaika, e hōʻike ana i ka amphoteric.Loaʻa i nā oxides a me nā halides o ka beryllium nā waiwai covalent maopopo, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā pūhui beryllium i ka wai, a hiki i ka beryllium ke hana i nā polymers a me nā pūhui covalent me ke kūpaʻa wela.

ʻO ka Beryllium, e like me ka lithium, hoʻokumu pū kekahi i kahi papa oxide pale, no laila paʻa i ka ea inā ʻulaʻula.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid a me ka solution potassium hydroxide e hoʻokuʻu i ka hydrogen.He kūpaʻa koʻikoʻi ka beryllium metala i ka metala sodium ʻole o ka oxygen ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.He kūlana valence 2 maikaʻi ka Beryllium a hiki ke hana i nā polymers a me kahi papa o nā pūhui covalent me ke kūpaʻa wela nui.

ʻO ka Beryllium a me kona mau pūhui he mea ʻawaʻawa loa.ʻOiai ua loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano beryllium i loko o ka ʻōpala o ka Honua, he kakaikahi wale nō ia, ʻo ia ka 32 wale nō o nā mea āpau ma ka Honua.ʻO ke kala a me ka hiʻohiʻona o ka beryllium he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ke kila hina, a ʻo ka mea i loko o ka ʻōpala: 2.6 × 10%

He ʻeleu nā waiwai kemika o ka beryllium, a he 8 mau ʻano isotopes beryllium i loaʻa: me ka beryllium 6, beryllium 7, beryllium 8, beryllium 9, beryllium 10, beryllium 11, beryllium 12, beryllium 14, nona ka beryllium wale nō. He paʻa ka 9, he radioactive kekahi Isotopes.Ma ke ʻano, aia ia i ka beryl, ka beryllium a me ka chrysoberyl ore, a ua māhele ʻia ka beryllium i ka beryl a me ka maka o ka pōpoki.He nui nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻōniʻoniʻo a me ka nani a ʻo ia ka pōhaku waiwai nui mai ka wā kahiko.

ʻO nā pōhaku makamae i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā palapala Kina kahiko, e like me ka cat essence, a i ʻole ka pōhaku essence cat, ka maka o ka pōpoki, a me ka opal, ka mea i ʻike ʻia he chrysoberyl e nā poʻe he nui, ʻo kēia mau beryllium-containing ores he mau ʻano like ʻole o ka beryl.Hiki ke loaʻa iā ia ma ka electrolysis o ka beryllium chloride a i ʻole beryllium hydroxide.

ʻO ka beryllium maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe kekahi kumu nui o nā neutrons wikiwiki.ʻO ka mea kānalua, he mea nui loa ia no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mea hoʻololi wela i nā reactors nuklea, no ka laʻana, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he neutron moderator i nā nuklea reactors.Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana keleawe Beryllium no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana ʻaʻole i hoʻohua ʻia, e like me nā ʻāpana hoʻoneʻe nui o nā aero-engine koʻikoʻi, nā mea hana pololei, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. kaumaha, modulus kiʻekiʻe o ka elasticity a me ka paʻa wela maikaʻi.No ka laʻana, i loko o nā papahana ākea ʻelua o ka Cassini Saturn probe a me ka Mars rover, ua hoʻohana ʻo ʻAmelika i ka nui o nā ʻāpana beryllium metala i mea e hōʻemi ai i ke kaumaha.
E makaʻala he mea ʻawaʻawa ka beryllium.ʻOi loa ma kēlā me kēia mika cubic o ka ea, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi milligrams o ka lepo beryllium e hiki ai i ka poʻe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi - beryllium lung maʻi.ʻO ka ʻoihana metallurgical o koʻu ʻāina ua hoʻemi i ka ʻike o ka beryllium i hoʻokahi mika cubic o ka ea i lalo o 1/100,000 grams, a ua hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia ka pilikia o ka pale ʻana i ka beryllium poisoning.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka ʻona o nā pūhui beryllium ma mua o ka beryllium, a ʻo nā pūhui beryllium e hana i nā mea e like me ka jelly hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo holoholona a me ka plasma, a laila e hana kemika me ka hemoglobin e hoʻohua i kahi mea hou e hana ai nā ʻano ʻeha like ʻole i loko o nā ʻiʻo a me nā ʻāpana, a me ka beryllium. i loko o ke akemāmā a me nā iwi ke kumu o ka maʻi kanesa.