1. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke keleawe ʻulaʻula maʻemaʻe: maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, hui maikaʻi, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa oxygen.ʻaʻohe

Pores, trachoma, porosity, conductivity uila maikaʻi loa, precision kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻili o ka electro-etched mold, ma hope o ke kaʻina hana wela, ʻaʻole kuhikuhi ka electrode, kūpono no ka ʻoki maikaʻi, ʻoki maikaʻi, hoʻohālikelike ka hana me Iapana. ʻO ke keleawe ʻulaʻula maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai, he mea ʻē aʻe ʻO ka huahana makemake no ka copper i lawe ʻia mai.Cu≥99.95% O<003Conductivity≥57ms/mHardness≥85.2HV

2. Nā hiʻohiʻona Chromium-keleawe: maikaʻi ka uila a me ka thermal conductivity, kiʻekiʻe paʻakikī, pale a me ka anti-explosion, hoʻohana mau ʻia e like me ka poloka conductive.

3. Nā waiwai keleawe Beryllium: ʻO ka Beryllium copper kahi mea hoʻonā paʻa paʻa i hoʻohuihui keleawe.ʻO ia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe non-ferrous me kahi hui maikaʻi o nā mea mechanical, nā waiwai kino, nā mea kemika a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion.Ma hope o ka hoʻonā paʻa a me ka lapaʻau kahiko, ua like ia me ke kila kūikawā.ʻO ka palena ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka palena elastic, ka palena hua a me ka palena luhi.I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ia ka conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe, ka conductivity thermal, ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu, ke kūpaʻa creep kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion.ʻO nā mea electrode welding no nā mīkini make-casting, injection molding machine punches, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant work, etc., beryllium copper stripes i hoʻohana ʻia i nā micro-motor brushes, kelepona kelepona paʻa, nā mea hoʻopili kamepiula, nā mea hoʻololi like ʻole, nā pūnāwai, clips, gaskets, diaphragms, Membrane a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe.He mea koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻoihana i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻāina.Density 8.3g/cm3 Paʻakiki 36-42HRC Ka hoʻokele uila ≥18% IACS ikaika tensile ≥1000Mpa Ka hoʻokele wela ≥105w/m.k20 ℃

4. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka tungsten a me ke keleawe: i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka pauka metallurgy no nā mold i hana ʻia me ke kila tungsten, ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e kū pono ana i ka pāpaʻi paʻakikī, ke koi ʻia ka corrosion uila, ma muli o ka nui o ka poho a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o nā electrodes maʻamau, ʻO ke keleawe tungsten kahi mea kūpono.Ke kulou ikaika≥667Mpa

Density 14g/cm3 Paʻakiki ≥ 184HV Conductivity ≥ 42% IACS.

I kēia mau lā, nui loa ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke keleawe.ʻO ka conductivity o ke keleawe ka lua wale nō i ke kālā, ke kūlana lua ma waena o nā metala, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana uila.

He mea maʻalahi ke keleawe e hana i nā ʻāpana me nā metala ʻē aʻe.Nui nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana keleawe.No ka laʻana, ʻo ke keleawe (80%Cu, 15%Sn, 5%Zn) he paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a maʻalahi ke hoʻolei;keleawe (60%Cu, 40%Zn) hoʻohana nui ʻia.Hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana mea kani;ʻO ka cupronickel (50% -70% Cu, 18% -20% Ni, 13% -15% Zn) i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hana.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke keleawe a me ka hao, manganese, molybdenum, boron, zinc, cobalt a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka trace element fertilizers.Pono pono nā mea trace no nā hana ola maʻamau o nā mea kanu.Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā enzymes, hoʻoikaika i ka synthesis o ke kō, starch, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamina a me nā enzymes, he mea pono i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.

He kuleana koʻikoʻi ke keleawe i ka ʻōnaehana ola.Aia ma mua o 30 mau ʻano protein a me nā enzyme i loko o ke kino kanaka i loaʻa ke keleawe.I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hana physiological koʻikoʻi o ke keleawe he ceruloplasmin i ka serum kanaka, nona ka hana o ka catalyzing i ka physiological metabolism o ka hao.Hoʻonui ka Copper i ka hiki o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e luku i ka bacteria a hoʻonui i ka hopena therapeutic o kekahi mau lāʻau.ʻOiai he mea koʻikoʻi ke keleawe, inā e ʻai nui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi like ʻole.

1. Hana

Loaʻa i ke keleawe nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika e like me ka conductivity uila, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance a me ka ductility.ʻO ka hoʻoili uila a me ka hoʻoili wela ka lua wale nō i ke kālā, a hiki ke huki ʻia ke keleawe maʻemaʻe i loko o nā uea keleawe lahilahi loa e hana ai i nā pepa keleawe lahilahi.ʻO ka ʻāpana hou o ke keleawe maʻemaʻe he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, akā ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ke kiʻi keleawe keleawe ma ka ʻili, he poni ke ʻano, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he keleawe ʻulaʻula.

Copper koe ke keleawe maemae

, hiki ke hoʻohuiʻia ke keleawe me ka tin, zinc, nickel a me nā metala'ē aʻe e synthesize i nā'āpana me nāʻano likeʻole,ʻo ia hoʻi ke keleawe, ke keleawe a me ka cupronickel.Inā hoʻohui ʻia ka zinc i ke keleawe maʻemaʻe (99.99%), ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he keleawe.No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu keleawe maʻamau i loaʻa ka 80% keleawe a me 20% zinc i nā condensers o nā mea kanu mana a me nā radiator kaʻa;ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka nickel ua kapa ʻia he keleawe keʻokeʻo, ʻo ke koena i kapa ʻia he keleawe.Koe wale no ka zinc a me ka nickel, ua kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana keleawe a pau me nā mea metala ʻē aʻe he keleawe, a ʻo ka mea i hoʻohui ʻia i kapa ʻia he aha.ʻO nā keleawe nui loa he keleawe phosphor tin a me ke keleawe beryllium.No ka laʻana, he lōʻihi loa ka moʻolelo o ke keleawe keleawe i koʻu ʻāina, a ua hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻolei i nā bele, nā tripods, nā mea kani a me nā ipu mōhai.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke keleawe keleawe e like me nā bearings, bushings a me nā ʻāpana lole, etc.

ʻOkoʻa ka conductivity uila o ke keleawe maʻemaʻe, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka ikaika a me ka corrosion kū'ē o ke keleawe e ka alloying.ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻaʻole paʻa a loaʻa nā waiwai hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano mechanical a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion.

2. Ke kumu

No ka loaʻa ʻana o ke keleawe i nā waiwai maikaʻi loa i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, he ākea ka nui o nā hoʻohana ʻoihana.Me ka ʻoihana uila, ka hana mīkini, ka lawe ʻana, ke kūkulu ʻana a pēlā aku.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ke keleawe i ka hana ʻana i nā uea, nā kelepona kamaʻilio a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i hoʻopau ʻia e like me nā kaʻa uila, nā rotors generator a me nā mea uila a me nā mika ma kēia kahua o ka ʻoihana uila a me ka uila, ʻo ia ka hapa o ka hapalua o ka nui o ka ʻoihana. koi.He kūlana koʻikoʻi ke keleawe a me ke keleawe i loko o nā ʻāpana kamepiula, nā kaapuni i hoʻohui ʻia, nā transistors, nā papa kaapuni paʻi a me nā lako a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe.No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ke alakaʻi transistor i kahi huila chromium-zirconium-copper me ka conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe a me ka conductivity thermal kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka mea i hala koke aku nei, ua lawe ka hui kamepiula kaulana ʻo IBM i ke keleawe e pani ai i ka alumini i loko o nā ʻāpana silika, kahi e hōʻailona ai i ka holomua hou loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka metala kahiko loa i loko o ke kanaka i ka ʻenehana semiconductor.